The Annals of the Faculty of Arts is a peer-reviewed academic journal published periodically by the Faculty of Arts at the University of Aden, Yemen. The journal serves as a premier academic platform for publishing original research and studies in the humanities, social sciences, and linguistics, upholding the highest standards of scientific integrity and academic ethics. ​The Annals aims to open new horizons for scientific research, providing a documented cognitive reference that bridges tradition and modernity. It caters to the aspirations of researchers and academics locally and internationally, contributing to the understanding of social phenomena and enriching the cultural and intellectual landscape. ​Scope and Topics ​The journal welcomes original research papers, translations, and book reviews in both Arabic and English across various fields, including ​linguistic and Literary Studies (Arabic Language & Foreign Languages), ​Social and Philosophical Sciences (Sociology, Psychology, Philosophy) , History, Geography, and Archaeology, Journalism, Media, and Communication Arts, Cultural and Anthropological Studies.
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دور الممارسة العامة للخدمة الاجتماعية في مواجه ة العنف الاسري ضد المرأ ة
This study aimed to identify the role of general social work practice in addressing domestic violence against women. To achieve this objective, it sought to answer the following question: -What is the role of general social work practice in addressing domestic violence against women? To achieve the study's primary objectives, a purposive random sample of 100 individuals was selected. The study employed a descriptive-analytical methodology and utilized a questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised six sections containing 57 items.
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
الألعاب الالكترونية طبيعتها، وأنواعها ووظائفها وآثارها على التحصيل الدراسي للتلاميذ
This study addressed the phenomenon of electronic games, their nature, types, functions, and their effects on students’ academic achievement. It relied on the descriptive–analytical method and reached the following conclusions: The results, based on parents’ perspectives, showed that most students play electronic games constantly and on a daily basis. This leads to addiction to playing and neglect of school assignments, which negatively affects their academic achievement. The study also revealed that a large percentage of students prefer adventure games and games that involve violence and ﬁghting. It was found that most students do not stop playing electronic games on their own unless instructed by one of their parents, due to their deep immersion in the game, which results in negative effects on academic performance. The research showed that a large proportion of parents believe that electronic games have a negative impact on the student’s academic achievement, while a moderate percentage of parents believe that electronic games do not affect academic performance if playing is regulated by clear rules.
الأبعاد الاجتماعية للمساواة بين الجنسين في التعليم والعوامل المعيقة
This study aims to analyse the social dimensions of gender equality in education by exploring the impact of social, cultural and economic factors on achieving educational equity between males and females, and identifying the main obstacles to effective equality in this area. The study is based on the premise that education is one of the most important drivers of social change, but gender equality in access to and quality of education continues to be affected by traditional social structures, gender stereotypes, economic disparities and institutional practices. The study adopted a descriptive analytical approach, based on a review of theoretical literature and previous field studies, as well as a questionnaire directed at a sample of teachers, students and parents in a number of educational institutions. The results showed that equality in education is not achieved solely through enrolment opportunities, but requires an inclusive educational environment that takes gender into account in curricula, teaching methods and employment policies. It also found that the main obstacles are prevailing social beliefs about women's roles, low awareness of the importance of equal education, and the failure of education policies to address gender gaps.
دور الإعلام الإذاعي في معالجة قضايا المرأة
The media plays a significant and vital role in the development and advancement of nations and peoples through the educational, enlightening, and awareness-raising programs it provides, including news and informational broadcasts that keep audiences informed about events in their local, national, regional, and global environments. This study aimed to explore the role of radio broadcasting in the development of women, particularly its contribution to presenting issues that affect their social and family lives. As women are considered the primary social institution upon which the upbringing of generations depends, the study also sought to examine the nature of current radio programs and the extent to which women benefit from them. Radio broadcasting is regarded as one of the most important audible means of communication in the country, contributing to community development through its cultural, educational, enlightening, advisory, and informational content since its establishment in 1953.
إسهامات الحضارمة القضائية في العصر العباسي الثاني (232-656ه)
Abbasid era (232-656 AH), by introducing the most prominent Hadrami judges who held judicial office in the Levant, Egypt, and North Africa, which are among the most important Islamic regions. These regions were home to a large number of Hadrami scholars and judges, The research identified the most prominent Hadrami judges who actively participated in managing judicial affairs in these regions and contributed to its scientific and administrative development, thanks to their well-known deep understanding of jurisprudence, justice, integrity, and broad knowledge, making them prominent figures in Islamic judicial history. The research addressed the contributions of the Hadramis to the judiciary through their efforts in applying Sharia rulings and producing a generation of scholars and judges who maintained the integrity and justice of the judiciary under the Abbasid state. It also examined their contributions to establishing or spreading applied schools of jurisprudence, through which they participated in shaping the features of Islamic judicial thought in the second Abbasid era.
التكـــرار في شعـــــر محمــد سعيــــد جــــــرادة
In this research, we examine the many points where Al-Jarādah aligns with Al-Būṣīrī and Shawqī in the use of repetition. This repetition did not occur by chance; rather, Al-Jarādah, like his predecessors, employed it deliberately to express his psychological state. It may also be said that repetition—since Al-Jarādah focused on this phenomenon in Al-Būṣīrī’s Burda and Shawqī’s Nahj al-Burda—was a source from which he drew extensively to achieve for himself what Al-Būṣierī and Shawqī had achieved in their respective poems. Repetition, in its various forms, generates a distinct type of rhythm required by the expression for artistic, psychologica، social, and religious purposes. Repetition in Al-Jarādah’s muʿāraḍa appears in three forms: (Letter repetition, lexical repetition, and structural repetition). The first two forms are prominent in Al-Jaradah’s muʿarada, whereas the three sections.
استلهام الحديث النبوي في بناء الصورة الفنية في الشعر اليمني في عصر الدولة الرسولية الرسولي
This research aims to explore the role of Prophetic Hadith in shaping the artistic imagery of Rasouli-era poets in Yemen. It argues that the rhetorical force and semantic richness of the Hadith served as a principal source for Rasouli poets, who adapted its lexicon, symbolism, and conceptual frameworks to augment their poetic expression. The research further investigates the modalities of this influence, analyzing the direct textual adoption of Hadith and the indirect invocation of Prophetic values in the construction of multi-layered symbolic and conceptual imagery, resulting in poetry distinguished by its semantic profundity and linguistic purity.
جذور الشك المعرفي عند فلاسفة اليونان والإسلام
It is true that ancient knowledge accumulated through daily practical experiences, which were often driven either by chance or by the pursuit of fulfilling specific needs. Despite this accumulation of knowledge and skills, the development of doubt in human thought did not fully emerge in its proper philosophical form until René Descartes in the early modern era. Nevertheless, Greek philosophy had already recognized various forms of doubt, as did the tradition of Islamic philosophical thought, where several thinkers engaged with epistemological skepticism. This study aims to examine the concept of epistemological doubt in its earliest roots, particularly among Greek philosophers and Islamic thinkers. The objective is to explore the significance and role of doubt in challenging established knowledge as a pathway toward achieving certainty.
The relationship between globalization and identity is inherently dialectical, marked by a history of debate, conflict, and confrontation. Globalization has manifested itself within societies that possess identities deeply rooted in long-standing historical experiences and social stances grounded in values, customs, and traditions—elements often at odds with what globalization offers. Human consciousness tends to resist the homogenizing tendencies of globalization. Consequently, the question of the relationship between globalization and identity has been raised across multiple domains and continues to be one of the most pressing, complex, and contentious issues—not only among cultural and political elites but also among ordinary people. Its intellectual, moral, and material repercussions have permeated all spheres of life. Some thinkers and scholars argue that globalization acts as a force that compresses the vast diversity of the world into a culturally, economically, and socially homogenized identity. It seeks to construct a singular global culture and aims to dissolve cultural, intellectual, and economic boundaries between nations. It is an intense drive to reshape human society according to the mold of a unified cultural paradigm. Globalization thus implies the erosion of particularity and the transition from the specific to the universal, from the partial to the total. In contrast, the concept of identity moves in the opposite direction—it emphasizes differentiation and distinction, transitioning from the universal to the particular, from the comprehensive to the limited. Identity seeks uniqueness and divergence. For this reason, the relationship between globalization and identity remains fraught and constitutes a central axis in the historical trajectory of contemporary human societies.
Challenges of Socialization of Yemeni immigrant parents in Britain
The research aimed to identify the challenges of socialization of Yemeni immigrant parents in Britain. To achieve the study’s goal, an electronic questionnaire was prepared that included the study’s axes, and it was distributed to a number of (50) immigrant parents in Britain. The study relied on the descriptive analytical method. The study reached several results, including: - Yemeni immigrants face many challenges in raising their children in the country of immigration (British society), which are as follows: 1- Challenges of preserving the Arab and Islamic identity of children. 2- Manifestations of liberation in Western society, such as (sexual freedom) and homosexuality. 3- The influence of the media on the child’s upbringing, attitudes and impressions.
"(الظواهر المعجمية والنحوية في لغة قبائل تهامة الحجاز المعاصرة " فهم، هذيل، وبنو كنانة (الجحادلة
This study explores the role of the contemporary dialects of the tribes of Tihama Al-Hijaz, near Mecca, in preserving the linguistic heritage of Classical Arabic across generations. The dialects of the Fahm, Hudhayl, and Banu Kinanah tribes are noted for retaining features, sounds, and linguistic characteristics that are distinctly classical, manifested in unique expressions and vocabulary that reflect deeply rooted linguistic origins. The researcher employed a method of direct oral communication to gather observations and verify their authenticity. The study revealed Classical Arabic vocabulary still in use within linguistic contexts that reflect the culture and environmental and social conditions of these tribes. It also addressed grammatical phenomena, such as consonant stabilization and the use of adjacency in vowel shifting, which demonstrate the simplicity of the language and its adaptation to the tribes' way of life. The findings affirm that the dialects in this region are not merely colloquial but represent a living extension of Classical Arabic.
Volga Bulgars and Islam in the Middle Ages
يهتم هذا البحث بدراسة البلغار من حيث التسمية والأصل في المبحث الأول منه ، فالبلغار هو الاسم الذي أطلقه العرب على شعب تركي الأصل أقام دولتين في مطلع العصور الوسطى ، الأولى على نهر الفولجا ( أتل ) - التي عنينا بها في بحثنا هذا ، وأطلقت كلمة ( بلغار ) على الشعب وعلى البلاد التي تقع عاصمتها شرق نهر الفولجا . والثانية على نهر الدانوب ، والبلغار أقرب إلى الجنس القفقاسي من غيرهم ، فهم روس توزعوا في استقرارهم بين السهوب المجاورة لنهر قوبان وبحر آزوف ، واقليم الدانوب وفي القوقاز ، وقد عرضنا لدراسة الروايات المختلفة حول أصلهم . وفي المبحث الثاني درسنا الصلات بين البلغار وبين المسلمين منذ القرن الأول الهجري / السابع الميلادي عند ظهور الإسلام ، إذ كان بعضها يؤول لاسباب عسكرية ترتبط بوصول العرب المسلمين إلى أجزاء قريبة من ديار الترك والبلغار والخزر والصقالبة وغيرهم ، وبعضها ترجع إلى أسباب اقتصادية ترتبط بدور التجار العرب المسلمين في التبادل التجاري مع تلك الديار ، الذي كان عاملاً مهما من عوامل امتداد الإسلام في أرجاء عديدة من المعمورة ، وذلك عبر طرق ثلاثة أنتشر الإسلام خلالها في بلاد البلغار .
Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
نتائج الحفرية الإنقاذية في موقع اللُبَيْب بمديرية موديه في محافظة أبين بالجمهورية اليمنية
This study presents a concise report on the results of a salvage excavation conducted at the site of al-Lubayb, one of the most prominent archaeological locations in Abyan Governorate. The site lies within the historical region of Dathina, a cultural landscape in Yemen that has been continuously inhabited since antiquity and is attested in inscriptions as early as the seventh century BCE. The excavation, the first of its kind in the area, was carried out in January–February 2006 with the aim of documenting and rescuing the remaining features of the site following decades of uncontrolled destruction. Excavation work focused on “Area A,” where the foundations of a square building composed of two rooms were uncovered. Architectural evidence suggests a possible ritual function for the structure, which appears to have been destroyed at an unknown date, perhaps after the third century CE. The results of this excavation are encouraging and support the recommendation for continued systematic investigations, as the site offers promising scientific indicators that may help fill significant gaps in the history of ancient Yemen, particularly in the context of studying the Dathina region.
Copyright (c) 2026 د. صلاح سلطان عبده الحسيني (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
تأثير التكنولوجيا الرقمية على مستقبل الإذاعة التقليدية: تحول من إف أم إلى البث عبر الإنترنت
While traditional radio faces significant challenges, digital technology offers it new opportunities to survive and evolve, provided it restructures itself to keep pace with the digital age. Digital technology has transformed the radio landscape from traditional broadcasting (FM) to online platforms, posing challenges (such as competition with Spotify) and opening up opportunities (such as podcasts and artificial intelligence). The future of radio depends on its ability to adapt through: 1. -Digital transformation while preserving its identity. -2. Focusing on local content and personalization. -3. Leveraging emerging technologies (such as 3D audio). The study confirms that radio will not disappear, but it will change radically to remain relevant in the digital age.
Copyright (c) 2026 Abdullah Obaid Hameed Ahmed (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
الخبـر السياسـي في الصـحافة الإلكـترونـية أنماط الصياغة وأساليب المعالجة
Electronic journalism has witnessed significant transformations in presenting political news, directly affecting the formation of public opinion and shaping attitudes toward national and international issues. This study aims to examine the patterns of political news writing and the methods of its editorial treatment in the digital environment, focusing on various writing styles (such as the inverted pyramid, explanatory, and news story) and editorial approaches (neutral, directed, in-depth, and digital). The study concludes that electronic journalism provides flexibility and diversity in presenting political news, but it requires adherence to professional standards to ensure credibility and avoid bias or misinformation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Suhil Ismaeel Musleh Ahmed (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
الذات والفعل وعلاقتهما بالاتصال عند"جورج هربرت ميد"
Abstract René Descartes is regarded as a prominent French philosopher and natural scientist who made significant contributions to philosophy, mathematics, physics, analytical geometry, and physiology. He is considered one of the founders of modern analytical geometry. Descartes received his education at the Jesuit college in La Flèche, France. Although he traveled extensively, he eventually settled in the Netherlands. His philosophical worldview was deeply connected to his mathematical and cosmological perspectives, earning him the title "Father of Modern Philosophy" in the 17th century. Descartes’ philosophical methodology is based on the direct certainty of self-awareness and the innate ideas he adopted—such as the existence of God, the tangible material substance, and the intangible spiritual substance. While he acknowledged that his method was not entirely new, he emphasized its innovation in terms of approach and purpose. Rejecting the experimental methods favored by many of his contemporaries, Descartes relied on rational certainty and applied methodological doubt as a foundation for the possibility of knowledge. He argued that knowledge should be rebuilt on rational and innate principles. For Descartes, truth is not derived from the senses, but from what is intellectually self-evident and beyond doubt. Despite facing strong criticism from philosophers of his era, who accused him of recycling old ideas under the guise of modernity, Descartes defended his philosophy with scientific reasoning and rigorous justification aimed at uncovering truth.
Copyright (c) 2026 د. نبيهة عبد الكريم شائف ناصر (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
دور الإخصائي الاجتماعي في رعاية ضحايا الجريمة دراسة سوسيولوجية نظرية
This research explores the vital role of the social worker in caring for victims of crime by providing psychological, social, and legal support. It emphasizes the importance of professional and systematic intervention to help victims overcome the psychological and social consequences of crime and reintegrate into society. The study highlights the essential skills required of social workers, such as communication, assessment, and referral to specialized services. It also addresses the challenges faced by social workers, including limited resources, lack of clear policies, and the need for specialized training. The research concludes by stressing the necessity of strengthening the role of social workers within justice and social care institutions to ensure comprehensive support for crime victims.
Copyright (c) 2026 Goharah Mohammed Abdullah Abdullah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
تطور دور الرعاية الاجتماعية في مدارس الصم ودور التكنولوجيا في التعليم في المدارس الخاصة برعاية ذوي الإعاقة السمعية
1. Lack of material and human resources necessary to leverage scientific and technological advancements that could contribute to controlling disability rates and mitigating their effects on both individuals and society. 2. A lack of official awareness or low levels of institutional consciousness regarding the phenomenon of disability, its consequences, and the widespread prevalence of negative societal attitudes towards individuals with hearing impairments. 3. The complexity of understanding the behavior of individuals with hearing disabilities, which necessitates specialized educational and psychological expertise. 4. The need for programs directed at families of individuals with hearing impairments to receive the same level of attention and support as programs targeting the individuals themselves. This is crucial in helping families accept and adapt to the disability, as the family is considered a fundamental partner in the rehabilitation process, with mutual influence existing between the individual and their family members—both forming a structurally and functionally interrelated unit. 5. The necessity of creating appropriate educational and pedagogical environments in select schools to enable the integration of deaf and hearing-impaired students, accompanied by the provision of advanced tools and technologies that facilitate effective inclusion and adaptatio.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fatima Abo Baker Naser Ali (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
تطبيق معايير الجودة في مؤسسات التعليم العالي ودورها في تحقيق التنمية المستدامة
The study aimed to examine the reality of applying quality standards in higher education institutions and their role in achieving sustainable development, focusing on a sociological case study at the University of Aden. The study sample consisted of (304) participants, including the University President, Vice Presidents, Deans, Vice Deans, and faculty members. To achieve the study’s objectives, the researcher employed the descriptive-analytical method.
Copyright (c) 2026 Zaraah Saif Ali Salem (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
زواج الأقارب وعلاقته بالأمراض الوراثية (دراسة ميدانية - محافظة عدن)
The current study aims to determine the extent of the impact of social and cultural factors on the spread of consanguineous marriage and its relationship to genetic diseases. The study adopted the descriptive analytical approach, and the researcher used a questionnaire that was constructed and distributed to a sample of (200) families in Aden Governorate. The study found that family traditions contribute to the perpetuation of consanguineous marriage (94.2%), preserving kinship ties, family name, property, and wealth within the family. Furthermore, the vast majority of respondents (91.6%) opposed the idea of ​​premarital medical examinations. They believe that genetic diseases resulting from consanguineous marriages are predestined by God. The results also showed that genetic diseases do not only appear in marriages between relatives, but also in marriages between unrelated individuals, and that negative test results can lead to numerous social and psychological problems. The findings also highlighted the low level of health awareness and health literacy in the community (81.4%). The study recommended the need to adopt a comprehensive socio-health approach that integrates medical knowledge and sociological analysis, and restores consideration for the role of culture, family structure, psychological dimensions and health policies in preventing genetic diseases.
Copyright (c) 2026 Faculty of Arts Annual Magazine
دور النخب الفكرية في تجديد المشروع القومي العربي: من أزمة الخطاب إلى آليات التفعيل
This study explores the role of intellectual elites in renewing the Arab national project, beginning with a diagnosis of the crisis facing traditional elites—marked by their retreat from contemporary issues, detachment from socio-political realities, and preoccupation with theoretical disputes at the expense of field engagement. The research proposes new tasks for these elites, starting with the redefinition of core concepts in nationalist thought—such as nation, identity, and citizenship—in ways that reflect current transformations and lay the foundation for an inclusive national project. It emphasizes the need to produce a nationalist discourse that engages with the challenges of globalization, digital transformation, and human rights. The study also advocates for openness to other intellectual currents to build a pluralistic and unifying national vision. It outlines mechanisms for activating the role of intellectuals, including the establishment of independent research centers, engagement with digital media, and contributions to educational curricula that foster conscious national belonging. The research draws on pioneering Arab experiences and critically examines the structural and financial challenges facing intellectual elites in fulfilling their historical mission.
واجب الوجود ووحدة الوجود: قراءة في التأسيس الميتافيزيقي عند ابن سيناء وابن عربي
This study explores the metaphysical foundations of the concept of existence in the thought of Ibn Sina and Ibn Arabi, through a comparative philosophical and mystical approach. Ibn Sina elucidates the notion of the Necessary Existent in itself as the source of intellectual and cosmic emanation, from which intellects, souls, and spheres proceed in a strictly rational order. In contrast, Ibn Arabi views God as the true Existence, with all else being mere manifestations and images within the framework of the unity of existence. The research highlights the intellectual backgrounds of both thinkers: Ibn Sina, influenced by Aristotelian and Farabian philosophy, and Ibn Arabi, rooted in Islamic mysticism and gnosis. It also examines their spiritual and epistemological dimensions; Ibn Sina emphasizes the Active Intellect and the Sacred Intellect, while Ibn Arabi stresses unveiling, intuition, and annihilation in the Divine. In comparison, both share a concern with the relationship between God and the world, yet differ in method: rational philosophy in Ibn Sina versus mystical gnosis in Ibn Arabi. The study concludes by underscoring their profound impact on Islamic and Western thought, with Ibn Sina shaping scholastic philosophy in Europe, and Ibn Arabi leaving a lasting imprint on global mysticism and spiritual philosophy.
الفلسفة القيمية لأهداف مهنة الخدمة الاجتماعية وعلاقتها بتنمية المسؤولية الاجتماعية للمؤسسات
The aim of this research is to explore the value-based philosophy of social work objectives and the development of social responsibility in institutions. The study highlights the increasing importance of social responsibility and its essential role in the psychological and social aspects of individuals, families, groups, and society. Social responsibility is considered one of the key determinants that regulate human behavior, social relationships, and the social structure of society.This perspective reinforces the fact that social work, with its value-based philosophy and reliance on humanistic, ethical, and social principles and objectives, operates within the framework of the social value system of society.One of the most significant conclusions of the research is that the value-based philosophy of social work is an integral part of institutional social responsibility. It is closely linked to all practical applications and professional practices across various fields of social work. Additionally, social work is a humanitarian profession based on humanistic, ethical, social, and civilizational principles and objectives, functioning within a system aimed at fostering social responsibility in society.
ألفاظ القصائد الغزلية في ديوان عبد الرحيم الأهدل دراسة معجمية
The researcher extracted the unfamiliar lexical vocabulary, and then mentioned their poetic verses, clarified their meanings through the poetic stanza that the poet intended. The researcher then mentioned their meanings from Arabic languages dictionaries, such as: the tongue of Arab, Mokhtar Assehah, Mesbah Almoneer, Muheet Qamous, or the Taj Alarous by which the meanings may comply with the poetic stanzas. After that, the researcher demonstrated the summary of the research, the abstract in Arabic and English languages, the references and bibliography, and then the general index. The study was based on the descriptive analytical methodology.
التمييز العنصري والعقائدي في الرواية اليمنية "علي المقري أنموذجاً
The novels of writer 'Ali Almuqri' included many social issues, the most important of which was racial and ideological discrimination in yemen The novel black taste, black smell discussed the issue of the 'Akhdam' who are considered a class in yemen society. As for the novel the current jew, he discussed the lives of Muslims and showed the extent of the hatred and hatred that prevails in their relationship, which is due to religious and political reasons.
التَّوظيف الدَّلالي للمصادر الثُّلاثيَّة وغير الثُّلاثيَّة في رسائل العصر الأموي السِّياسيَّة
This study attempts to present the topic of the semantic employment of verbal nouns in the eloquent field of Umayyad political letters. It examines the molitiple connotations of such verbal nouns which linguistic usage imparts. The study focuses on the impact and value of verbal nouns and determines their meanings tat the speaker (sender) seeks to convey and their impact on the recipient. The way to determine to extent of the semantic employment of verbal nouns in the field is identifying the morphological meaning of verbal nouns taking into account the linguistic. Situational, and social context to arrive at the general meaning of the message's text. The study demonstrated the skill of language users in good employment and aesthetic selection of verbal nouns in their appropriate positions, which cannot be substituted for others in their context. The study concluded with eloquent evidences supporting some of the few evidences for some linguistic rules. The research found out new meanings in that field and dispelled some misconceptions in this regard.
Arabic is a rich language in vocabulary and meaning, marked by multiple words for a single concept and single words with multiple meanings. Arabs took pride in this richness and used it as a sign of eloquence. The text highlights the close relationship between word and meaning, which enhances expression through context and figurative use. This diversity stems mainly from usage, which preserves some words and lets others fade. Scholars differ in interpreting this phenomenon, but usage ultimately determines which words and meanings endure.
مراسلات الدولة الأموية في الشؤون الاقتصادية جباية الزكاة والخراج والجزية والإجارة: دراسة تحليلية في المضامين المالية
This study examines an important aspect of financial administration during the Umayyad period by analyzing political correspondence related to the collection of zakat, kharaj, jizya, and ijara. These correspondences are treated as a primary source that reveals the nature of administrative and financial thought among Umayyad caliphs, as well as the mechanisms through which they communicated with governors and officials in the provinces. The study aims to highlight the role played by such correspondence in regulating financial resources and achieving a balance between the needs of the state and the interests of the populace. The research adopts a historical-analytical approach by tracing the texts of correspondence found in classical sources and analyzing their content to extract the governing principles of Umayyad fiscal policy. The study demonstrates the caliphs’ concern for monitoring funds in the hands of governors and ensuring their proper management, reflecting a level of direct financial oversight. It also reveals the flexibility of the financial system in dealing with surplus revenues (fayʾ), including directing portions of kharaj to support and finance the army in a manner that serves political and military stability. Furthermore, the study shows that the correspondence included explicit directives prioritizing public welfare in expenditure and establishing a form of financial accountability between caliphs and governors, thereby limiting corruption and reinforcing the principle of justice. It also highlights a clear ethical dimension in these communications, manifested in encouraging gratitude for blessings, prioritizing the spread of Islam over maximizing jizya revenues, and emphasizing the fair collection of dues without excess or injustice. The research also addresses mechanisms for exempting certain financial obligations, such as ijara and jizya, in specific cases, with such measures documented through official correspondence, reflecting an advanced administrative awareness of the importance of record-keeping. Additionally, the correspondence underscores the relationship between the personal integrity of governors and the soundness of the financial system, presenting a vision that integrates both ethical and administrative dimensions. The study concludes that political correspondence in the Umayyad period functioned as an effective tool in managing financial resources and contributed to establishing principles of oversight, justice, and flexibility, reflecting a notable development in the structure of financial administration in the early Islamic state
Copyright (c) 2026 Faculty of Arts Annual Magazine https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Reality and Prospectives of the Contemporary philosophical Scene in the Yemeni Universities
Copyright (c) 2003 Faculty of Arts Annual Magazine https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
“Reality and Prospectives of the Contemporary
The study is aiming at showing the reality of the experience of the philosophical study in the Yemeni Universities and its different problems according to the study case of Aden University, in particular. This has been done by tracking the history of its experiment in philosophy teaching since the beginning of the seventies unitil the beginning of the third millenary. It became evident by the obtained results, that philosophy in Yemen, as a whole, is affected by the same constraints and problems confronting many of the Arab countries and its main problem is essentially due to the background and the nature of the traditional attitude against it. As about the low level of interest in studying it at the university stage, in particular. Is due to the nature of the official attitude that does not encourage it, and which is represented in connecting the outputs of the universities with the teaching employment, in addition to the reality of its unfit teaching process that is harming its reputation in particular. The study has concluded, at the end by appropriate group of recommendations and proposals aiming at enhancing the status of philosophy as a whole, and presenting the suitable remedies for its various current problems.
Copyright (c) 2003 Faculty of Arts Annual Magazine